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Ligand-induced Dimerization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Coronavirus nsp5 Protease (3CLpro): IMPLICATIONS FOR nsp5 REGULATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIVIRALS.

Identifieur interne : 001289 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001288; suivant : 001290

Ligand-induced Dimerization of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Coronavirus nsp5 Protease (3CLpro): IMPLICATIONS FOR nsp5 REGULATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANTIVIRALS.

Auteurs : Sakshi Tomar ; Melanie L. Johnston [États-Unis] ; Sarah E. St John ; Heather L. Osswald [États-Unis] ; Prasanth R. Nyalapatla [États-Unis] ; Lake N. Paul ; Arun K. Ghosh [États-Unis] ; Mark R. Denison [États-Unis] ; Andrew D. Mesecar [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : pubmed:26055715

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

All coronaviruses, including the recently emerged Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) from the β-CoV subgroup, require the proteolytic activity of the nsp5 protease (also known as 3C-like protease, 3CL(pro)) during virus replication, making it a high value target for the development of anti-coronavirus therapeutics. Kinetic studies indicate that in contrast to 3CL(pro) from other β-CoV 2c members, including HKU4 and HKU5, MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) is less efficient at processing a peptide substrate due to MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) being a weakly associated dimer. Conversely, HKU4, HKU5, and SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) enzymes are tightly associated dimers. Analytical ultracentrifugation studies support that MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) is a weakly associated dimer (Kd ∼52 μm) with a slow off-rate. Peptidomimetic inhibitors of MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) were synthesized and utilized in analytical ultracentrifugation experiments and demonstrate that MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) undergoes significant ligand-induced dimerization. Kinetic studies also revealed that designed reversible inhibitors act as activators at a low compound concentration as a result of induced dimerization. Primary sequence comparisons and x-ray structural analyses of two MERS-CoV 3CLpro and inhibitor complexes, determined to 1.6 Å, reveal remarkable structural similarity of the dimer interface with 3CL(pro) from HKU4-CoV and HKU5-CoV. Despite this structural similarity, substantial differences in the dimerization ability suggest that long range interactions by the nonconserved amino acids distant from the dimer interface may control MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) dimerization. Activation of MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) through ligand-induced dimerization appears to be unique within the genogroup 2c and may potentially increase the complexity in the development of MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibitors as antiviral agents.

DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M115.651463
PubMed: 26055715


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<term>Amino Acid Sequence</term>
<term>Antiviral Agents (chemical synthesis)</term>
<term>Antiviral Agents (chemistry)</term>
<term>Antiviral Agents (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Crystallography, X-Ray</term>
<term>Cysteine Endopeptidases (chemistry)</term>
<term>Cysteine Endopeptidases (genetics)</term>
<term>Cysteine Endopeptidases (metabolism)</term>
<term>Escherichia coli (genetics)</term>
<term>Escherichia coli (metabolism)</term>
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<term>Kinetics</term>
<term>Ligands</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (drug effects)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (enzymology)</term>
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics)</term>
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<term>Peptidomimetics (chemistry)</term>
<term>Peptidomimetics (pharmacology)</term>
<term>Protein Multimerization (drug effects)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (chemistry)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (genetics)</term>
<term>Recombinant Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>Sequence Alignment</term>
<term>Substrate Specificity</term>
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<term>Viral Proteins (chemistry)</term>
<term>Viral Proteins (genetics)</term>
<term>Viral Proteins (metabolism)</term>
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<term>Alignement de séquences</term>
<term>Antiviraux ()</term>
<term>Antiviraux (pharmacologie)</term>
<term>Antiviraux (synthèse chimique)</term>
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<term>Cysteine endopeptidases (métabolisme)</term>
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<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
<term>Protein Multimerization</term>
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<term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term>
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<keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="enzymology" xml:lang="en">
<term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">All coronaviruses, including the recently emerged Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) from the β-CoV subgroup, require the proteolytic activity of the nsp5 protease (also known as 3C-like protease, 3CL(pro)) during virus replication, making it a high value target for the development of anti-coronavirus therapeutics. Kinetic studies indicate that in contrast to 3CL(pro) from other β-CoV 2c members, including HKU4 and HKU5, MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) is less efficient at processing a peptide substrate due to MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) being a weakly associated dimer. Conversely, HKU4, HKU5, and SARS-CoV 3CL(pro) enzymes are tightly associated dimers. Analytical ultracentrifugation studies support that MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) is a weakly associated dimer (Kd ∼52 μm) with a slow off-rate. Peptidomimetic inhibitors of MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) were synthesized and utilized in analytical ultracentrifugation experiments and demonstrate that MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) undergoes significant ligand-induced dimerization. Kinetic studies also revealed that designed reversible inhibitors act as activators at a low compound concentration as a result of induced dimerization. Primary sequence comparisons and x-ray structural analyses of two MERS-CoV 3CLpro and inhibitor complexes, determined to 1.6 Å, reveal remarkable structural similarity of the dimer interface with 3CL(pro) from HKU4-CoV and HKU5-CoV. Despite this structural similarity, substantial differences in the dimerization ability suggest that long range interactions by the nonconserved amino acids distant from the dimer interface may control MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) dimerization. Activation of MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) through ligand-induced dimerization appears to be unique within the genogroup 2c and may potentially increase the complexity in the development of MERS-CoV 3CL(pro) inhibitors as antiviral agents. </div>
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